5G is the fifth generation of wireless technology. But users will recognize it as one of the fastest and most robust technologies in the world so far.

This means faster downloads, much shorter intervals, and a significant impact on how we live, work, and play. Connected cars, smart communities, industrial IoT, immersive education – everything will depend on 5G networks.

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In the near future, everything is going to change with 5G.The pace of technological change has been rapid in recent decades. The only thing we know for sure is that in the future it will be even faster. We are going to experience a technological change that will change people, companies and society in general.

What is 5G Technology?

5G is a fifth generation mobile network. It is a new global wireless standard which is followed by 1G, 2G, 3G and 4G networks. 5G wireless technology is intended to deliver several Gbps higher maximum data rates, ultra-low latency, increased reliability, larger-scale network capacity, higher availability, and a consistent user experience for more users.

Higher performance and greater efficiency power new user experiences and connect new industries. 5G enables a new kind of network that is designed to connect almost everything and everything together, including machines, objects, and equipment.

Understanding the 5G Technology

To understand 5G, first we need to understand what came before. Generally, the first generation of mobile technology, 1G, focuses on voice. The ability to use the phone in the car, or anywhere else, really caught on here. The advent of 2G introduced a layer of short messages, some of which can be seen in today’s texting features. Switching to 3G provided the required network speed for the smartphone. And 4G, with its incredible data transfer rates, gave birth to many devices and services that we rely on and enjoy today. The discussion of 5G technology is actually a discussion of delivering life-changing technologies over the next generation of networks.

What are the differences between the previous generation mobile network and 5G?

Previous generations of mobile networks are 1G, 2G, 3G and 4G.

• First Generation – 1G

1980s: 1G gave analog sound. and the first analog phone came into the market.

• Second Generation – 2G

In the early 1990s: 2G introduced digital voice and SMS and voicemail like features came in the mobile phones. (eg CDMA – Code Division Multiple Access).

• Third generation (3G)

In the early 2000s: 3G brought mobile data and it enables mobile web browsing, image sharing and GPS location-tracking and many more.

• Fourth Generation: 4G LTE

2010: 4G LTE delivers great web functionality to our smartphones.

1G, 2G, 3G and 4G led to 5G, which is designed to provide greater connectivity than ever before.

5G is a more efficient and integrated air interface. It is designed with an expanded capability to enable next generation user experiences, enable new deployment models, and deliver new services.

How is 5G better than 4G?

There are several reasons why 5G is better than 4G:

• 5G is much faster than 4G

• 5G is an integrated platform which is more efficient than 4G

• 5G uses the better spectrum than 4G

• 5G has more capacity than 4G capacity

• 5G has significantly lower latency than 4G

Main differences between 4G and 5G

Below is a breakdown of the main differences between the two network technologies.
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Speed

In most conversations about 5G, speed is usually the parameter used to distinguish it from 4G. And this is understandable, since each cell generation has grown much faster than before. Currently, 4G can reach maximum speeds of up to 100 Mbps, although real-world performance does not usually exceed 35 Mbps.
5G speed can be 100 times faster than 4G, with maximum theoretical speeds of 20 Gbps and currently, practical speeds ranging from 50 Mbps to 3 Gbps.

5G has three main flavors and each has its own speed. The so-called low-band 5G is somewhat faster than 4G with a throughput of between 50 and 250 Mbps.

Delay

Latency is a measure of the time a packet of information has to travel between two points. It can be considered as a delay that burdens any data transfer, no matter how fast the connection is. Latency on the 4G network is currently around 50 milliseconds, while the 5G network is expected to be an impressive 1ms.

Also, Reducing latency will be important for many applications where 5G will allow connected devices to rely on the cloud to process data, such as autonomous cars using 5-G to use cloud-based artificial intelligence.

Coverage

5G is just getting started and therefore its coverage does not necessarily exist outside of some major cities. However, 5G will take years to reach the same level of coverage as 4G, and will have different implementations (high, medium and low band 5G), each with its own speed and bandwidth.

Broadband

5G is expected to have significantly higher bandwidth or capacity, alongside 4G. In part, this is because 5G will make more efficient use of the available spectrum. 4G uses a small portion of available spectrum from 600 MHz to 2.5 GHz, but 5G is divided into three different bands. Each band has its own frequency and speed range, and will have different applications and use cases for consumers, businesses, and industries. This means that there is much more capacity in 5G.

What are the Benefits of 5G?

5G is used in three main types of connected services, including mobile broadband, mission-critical communications, and large-scale IoT.

• Mission critical communication

5G can enable new services that can transform industries with ultra-reliable, available, and low-latency links, such as remote control of critical infrastructure, vehicles, and medical processes.

• Mobile broadband expansion

In addition to improving our smartphones, 5G mobile technology can usher in new immersive experiences like virtual reality and augmented reality, with smoother data speeds, lower latency, and lower cost per bit.

• Massive IoT

5G means connecting a large number of integrated sensors to almost everything through massive efficiencies in data rates, power and mobility, providing extremely tight and low-cost connectivity solutions.

5G Benefits

For Users

• Greater Realism in VR, AR and Augmented Reality (XR) with Lightweight Devices
• Sensory experiences, such as touch, through devices
• More engaging learning methods through immersive content.
• Conducting virtual meetings to boost remote team productivity
• Stable and reliable connectivity in crowded places
• New angles and interactions for remote and live event viewer

For Businesses

• Production lines that respond autonomously to supply and demand.
• Digital replicas that may warn of actual machinery failures beforehand.
• Logistics networks that route goods autonomously based on real-world conditions
• Full traceability for individual items in warehouses and ports
• Access to powerful robots and vehicles to improve safety in risky environments
• Increased use of IoT in agriculture to grow crops efficiently

For Cities

• Smarter grids to significantly reduce carbon emissions
• More data-sharing vehicles to avoid road collisions
• Rapid deployment of emergency services for accidents
• Connected sensors that can detect and warn of natural disasters beforehand
• Drones become an important tool to accelerate and support response to emergency situations
• Remote experience with specialists who consult / diagnose patients elsewhere